Accidents happen fast, and the aftermath is overwhelming — medical bills, time off work, and, in the worst cases, the loss of a loved one. If you have been injured, or a family member has died, because of someone else’s fault in the UAE, you may be entitled to compensation. This guide explains how it works.
This is general legal information, not advice on your specific case. For a confidential assessment, speak to our civil and compensation lawyers in Dubai.
Two kinds of compensation: diya and arsh
UAE law recognises two Sharia-based forms of compensation for physical harm:
- Diya (blood money) — payable for loss of life. The amount is set at a minimum of AED 200,000, and a court can increase it depending on the circumstances.
- Arsh — compensation for injury short of death, calculated as a percentage of the diya according to the severity of the injury and the body part affected, guided by established schedules and a medical expert’s opinion.
The criminal and civil tracks
After a serious accident there are often two parallel routes. In the criminal case against the at-fault party, the victim (or the family) can claim diya or arsh. Separately, a civil compensation claim can be brought for actual losses — medical costs, lost income, long-term disability, and moral or emotional damages. Recent changes to the UAE Civil Code have expanded the compensation courts can award beyond diya, which is particularly significant for the families of fatal-accident victims.
Insurance
Motor third-party insurance is mandatory in the UAE, and an insurer will typically cover blood money and compensation where the liable party is insured. That said, insurers do not always offer the full amount you may be entitled to, so it is worth understanding your position before accepting a settlement.
How to claim, step by step
- Police report. Report the accident and obtain the official police report — it establishes fault and is essential to any claim.
- Medical documentation. Keep every medical report, bill and record; injury compensation depends on medical evidence.
- Criminal case. Where there is one, diya or arsh can be pursued within it.
- Civil claim. A separate claim covers your wider financial and moral losses, supported by proof of income and dependency.
- Judgment and enforcement. Once awarded, compensation is enforced through the courts and, where relevant, the insurer.
Time limits — do not wait
As a general rule, you have up to three years from the date of the injury (or the date it was discovered) to bring a compensation claim. Evidence also fades quickly, so early advice protects your position.
Frequently asked questions
How much is blood money (diya) in the UAE?
The minimum for loss of life is AED 200,000, and a court can order more depending on the circumstances.
Can I claim more than the blood money amount?
Often yes. A separate civil claim can cover medical costs, lost income, disability and moral damages, and recent Civil Code changes allow courts to award additional compensation beyond diya.
Does insurance cover accident compensation?
Usually, where the at-fault party is insured — motor third-party cover is mandatory. But insurers may not offer the full entitlement, so take advice before settling.
How long do I have to make a claim?
Generally three years from the injury or its discovery — but act promptly, as evidence is easier to secure early.
If you or your family are dealing with the aftermath of an accident or injury, we can assess your entitlement and handle the claim so you can focus on recovery. Speak to our compensation lawyers in Dubai for a confidential consultation.
Reviewed by Ms. Amal Khamis, Advocate & Legal Consultant. This article is general information about UAE law and not a substitute for tailored legal advice.
Related reading: Civil Disputes & Litigation in the UAE.